The COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on global economies, causing widespread disruptions and challenges to various sectors. As countries strive to recover and rebuild, one crucial aspect is understanding the immunity levels within the population. In this regard, the COVID-19 Total Antibod

There are many variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the virus that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Some are considered or have been declared to be of particular importance because they may increase transmissibility,[1] increase virulence or reduce the

SARS-CoV-2 variants are grouped according to their lineages and component mutations. [14] Many organizations, including governments and news outlets, refer colloquially to relevant variants in the country where they were first discovered. [60][61][62] After months of discussions, on 31 May 2021, the

The Mantoux test or Mendel-Mantoux test (also known as the Mantoux screening test, tuberculin susceptibility test, Pirquet test, or PPD test of purified protein derivatives) is a screening tool for tuberculosis (TB) and diagnosis of tuberculosis. It is one of the main tuberculin skin tests used in t

The results of this test must be interpreted carefully. Individual medical risk factors determine which increment of induration (5 mm, 10 mm, or 15 mm) is considered positive. [12] Positive results indicate tuberculosis exposure.• 5 mm or more is positiveo HIV positiveo People who have recently been

A flow-through test or immunoconcentration test is a diagnostic test that allows the user to test a sample such as blood for the presence of a biomarker, usually a specific antibody. They are a point-of-care test, a test intended to be used by healthcare providers when they come into contact with p

The lateral flow test (LFT),[1] is an assay also known as a lateral flow device (LFD), lateral flow immunochromatographic assay, or rapid test. It is a simple device designed to detect the presence of target substances in liquid samples without the need for specialized and expensive equipment. LFTs

Lateral flow analysis has a wide range of applications and can test a variety of samples such as urine, blood, saliva, sweat, serum, and other fluids. They are currently used by clinical laboratories, hospitals and physicians to perform rapid and accurate tests for specific target molecules and gene

The rapid strep test (RST) is a rapid antigen detection test (RADT) that is widely used clinically to aid in the diagnosis of bacterial pharyngitis caused by group A strep (GAS), sometimes called strep throat. There are several types of rapid strep tests in use, each using a different technique. How

PrenatalTraditional prenatal testing for chromosomal abnormalities such as Down syndrome relies on analyzing the number and appearance of chromosomes—the karyotype. Molecular diagnostic tests such as microarray comparative genomic hybridization instead test DNA samples, which may be less invasive du